说明:本文主要通过学习Laravel的session源码学习Laravel是如何设计session的,将自己的学习心得分享出来,希望对别人有所帮助。Laravel在web middleware
中定义了session中间件\Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class
,并通过该中间件来设计session,这个中间件的主要工作分为三步:
(1)启动session,通过session handler从一些存储介质如redis中读取session值;
(2)操作session,对session数据CRUD增删改查操作;
(3)关闭session,把session_id写入到response header中,默认是laravel_session
。
开发环境:Laravel5.3 + PHP7
启动Session
首先看下\Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class
中间件源码中handle()
方法:
public function handle($request, Closure $next) { // 前置操作 $this->sessionHandled = true; if ($this->sessionConfigured()) { // Start session. /** * @var \Illuminate\Session\Store $session */ $session = $this->startSession($request); $request->setSession($session); $this->collectGarbage($session); } $response = $next($request); // 后置操作 if ($this->sessionConfigured()) { $this->storeCurrentUrl($request, $session); $this->addCookieToResponse($response, $session); } return $response; }
从Laravel5.2之Middleware源码解析这篇文章中知道,该中间件有前置操作和后置操作。看下sessionConfigured()
的源码:
/** * Determine if a session driver has been configured. * * @return bool */ protected function sessionConfigured() { // 检查session.php中driver选项是否设置 return ! is_null(Arr::get($this->manager->getSessionConfig(), 'driver')); } // \Illuminate\Session\SessionManager /** * Get the session configuration. * * @return array */ public function getSessionConfig() { return $this->app['config']['session']; }
首先中间件检查session.php中driver选项是否设置,这里假设设置为经常使用的redis
作为session的存储介质,并且需要在database.php
中设置下redis的链接,本地需要装好redis,通过redis-cli
命令查看redis是否已经安装好。OK,然后中间件使用startSession()
方法来启动session:
protected function startSession(Request $request) { /** * @var \Illuminate\Session\Store $session */ $session = $this->getSession($request); // 获取session实例,Laravel使用Store类来管理session $session->setRequestOnHandler($request); // Load the session data from the store repository by the handler. $session->start(); return $session; } public function getSession(Request $request) { /** * Get the session store instance via the driver. * * @var \Illuminate\Session\Store $session */ $session = $this->manager->driver(); /** * $session->getName() === 'laravel_session' === config('session.cookie') */ $session->setId($request->cookies->get($session->getName())); return $session; }
startSession()主要分为两步:获取session实例\Illuminate\Session\Store
,主要步骤是$session = $this->manager->driver()
;通过该实例从存储介质中读取该次请求所需要的session数据,主要步骤是$session->start()
。首先看下第一步的源码:
// \Illuminate\Support\Manager public function driver($driver = null) { // $driver = 'redis' $driver = $driver ?: $this->getDefaultDriver(); if (! isset($this->drivers[$driver])) { $this->drivers[$driver] = $this->createDriver($driver); } return $this->drivers[$driver]; } protected function createDriver($driver) { $method = 'create'.Str::studly($driver).'Driver'; if (isset($this->customCreators[$driver])) { return $this->callCustomCreator($driver); } elseif (method_exists($this, $method)) { // 判断\Illuminate\Session\SessionManager中是否存在createRedisDriver()方法 // 存在,call这个createRedisDriver()方法 return $this->$method(); } throw new InvalidArgumentException("Driver [$driver] not supported."); } // \Illuminate\Session\SessionManager public function getDefaultDriver() { // 返回 'redis' return $this->app['config']['session.driver']; }
从以上源码中很容易知道,选择的driver是redis,最后还是要调用\Illuminate\Session\SessionManager中的createRedisDriver()方法:
protected function createRedisDriver() { /** * @var \Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler $handler */ $handler = $this->createCacheHandler('redis'); // 设置redis连接 $handler->getCache()->getStore()->setConnection($this->app['config']['session.connection']); return $this->buildSession($handler); } protected function createCacheHandler($driver) { // $store = 'redis' $store = $this->app['config']->get('session.store') ?: $driver; $minutes = $this->app['config']['session.lifetime']; // $this->app['cache']->store($store)返回\Illuminate\Cache\Repository实例 return new CacheBasedSessionHandler(clone $this->app['cache']->store($store), $minutes); } // Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler /** * Get the underlying cache repository. * * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Repository|\Illuminate\Cache\Repository */ public function getCache() { return $this->cache; } // \Illuminate\Cache\Repository /** * Get the cache store implementation. * * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\Store|RedisStore */ public function getStore() { return $this->store; } // \Illuminate\Cache\RedisStore /** * Set the connection name to be used. * * @param string $connection * @return void */ public function setConnection($connection) { $this->connection = $connection; }
从以上源码知道获取到\Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler
这个handler后,就可以buildSession()
了:
protected function buildSession($handler) { // 设置加密的则返回EncryptedStore实例,这里假设没有加密 if ($this->app['config']['session.encrypt']) { return new EncryptedStore( $this->app['config']['session.cookie'], $handler, $this->app['encrypter'] ); } else { // 默认$this->app['config']['session.cookie'] === 'laravel_session' return new Store($this->app['config']['session.cookie'], $handler); } }
从源码中可看出session实例就是\Illuminate\Session\Store
实例,并且构造Store类还需要一个重要的部件handler,构造好了session实例后,就可以通过这个handler来从session存储的介质中如redis获取session数据了,这里设置的session driver是redis,所以handler就会是\Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler
。总的来说,现在已经构造好了session实例即\Illuminate\Session\Store
。
然后第二步就是$session->start()
从存储介质中加载session数据:
public function start() { // 从存储介质中加载session数据 $this->loadSession(); // session存储介质中没有'_token'这个key就生成一个 if (! $this->has('_token')) { $this->regenerateToken(); } return $this->started = true; }
关键是loadSession()的源码:
// Illuminate/Session/Store protected function loadSession() { // 从redis中读取key为'laravel_session'的数据后存入session实例即Store的$attributes属性中 $this->attributes = array_merge($this->attributes, $this->readFromHandler()); foreach (array_merge($this->bags, [$this->metaBag]) as $bag) { /** * @var \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Storage\MetadataBag $bag */ $this->initializeLocalBag($bag); $bag->initialize($this->bagData[$bag->getStorageKey()]); } } protected function readFromHandler() { // 主要是这句,通过handler从存储介质redis中读取session数据 // $this->getId() === 'laravel_session' $data = $this->handler->read($this->getId()); if ($data) { $data = @unserialize($this->prepareForUnserialize($data)); if ($data !== false && ! is_null($data) && is_array($data)) { return $data; } } return []; }
这里的handler是\Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler
,看下该handler的read()源码:
// $sessionId === 'laravel_session' public function read($sessionId) { // 这里的cache是Illuminate\Cache\Repository return $this->cache->get($sessionId, ''); } // Illuminate\Cache\Repository public function get($key, $default = null) { if (is_array($key)) { return $this->many($key); } // 这里的store是Illuminate\Cache\RedisStore $value = $this->store->get($this->itemKey($key)); if (is_null($value)) { $this->fireCacheEvent('missed', [$key]); $value = value($default); } else { $this->fireCacheEvent('hit', [$key, $value]); } return $value; } // Illuminate\Cache\RedisStore public function get($key) { if (! is_null($value = $this->connection()->get($this->prefix.$key))) { return $this->unserialize($value); } }
通过以上代码,很容易了解从redis存储介质中加载key为'laravel_session'的数据,最后还是调用了RedisStore::get($key, $default)
方法。
但不管咋样,通过handle()第一步$session = $this->startSession($request);
就得到了session实例即Store,该步骤中主要做了两步:一是Store实例化;二是从redis中读取key为'laravel_session'的数据。
然后就是$this->collectGarbage($session)
做了垃圾回收。中篇再聊。
总结:本文主要学习了session机制的启动工作中第一步session的实例化,主要包括两步骤:Store的实例化;从redis中读取key为laravel_session的数据。中篇再聊下session垃圾回收,和session的增删改查操作,到时见。